I translate meaning, not individual words.

I bring your content from English and German into French, my native language. For translations into English, German or another European language, I call on a network of native translators and coordinate the project myself: you keep a single point of contact.

For your official paperwork, I produce certified translations carrying my stamp and my signature as a sworn translator registered with the Court of Appeal of Dijon.

Also known as creative translation. I rework your message so that it lands in French the way it lands in its own language: tone, references and emotion are adapted, the intention stays intact. This is the service for campaigns, straplines, product names and brand copy.

I read, check and correct texts you have written or translated yourself. Spelling, grammar, syntax, consistent terminology, your style guide followed to the letter: a professional second pair of eyes before you publish.

I take machine translation output and bring it up to the standard expected of a human translation: meaning checked against the source, terminology relevant and aligned with your glossaries, style made to read naturally, false friends and mistranslations removed. Light or full post-editing, depending on what the text is for and what the budget allows.

A sworn translation is produced by a translator on the list of court-appointed experts held by a court of appeal. It carries their stamp, their signature, the date and a statement that it matches the original document, and that is what gives it official standing with public authorities, courts, notaries and consulates. An ordinary translation, however good, has none of that standing. I have been registered with the Court of Appeal of Dijon since 2021, for English and German.

None in everyday use. They are four French ways of naming the same thing: a translation produced by a translator on the list of court-appointed experts held by a court of appeal, carrying their stamp, their signature, the date and a statement that it matches the original document. Assermentée and jurée point to the oath sworn before the court, certifiée and agréée to the official recognition that follows from it. The same goes for a traducteur assermenté, certifié or agréé: use whichever term you prefer, the service behind it is identical. In English, all four usually come out as sworn translation or certified translation.

Yes. Registration with a court of appeal does not confine the validity of the translation to that court's area: a sworn translation produced by an expert registered with the Court of Appeal of Dijon is valid throughout France, whatever the department you live in and whatever authority it is intended for. The work is done remotely, from abroad as well: you send me a scan of the document, I send you a quote, and the signed, stamped original reaches you by post.

Civil status records (birth, marriage, death), court rulings and procedural documents, diplomas and academic transcripts, driving licences, criminal record extracts, contracts, articles of association, notarial deeds and identity papers. In practice, whenever a French or foreign authority asks for a “certified” or “official” translation, or one “by a sworn translator”, this is what it means.

In most cases it is, sometimes once the translator's signature has been apostilled or legalised, depending on the destination country. That formality is a matter for the court of appeal or the ministry, not for the translator. Tell me which country and which body is asking, and I will tell you what extra step to plan for.

Translation carries a text across faithfully. Transcreation starts from the same message and rewrites it for the target culture: the references, the wordplay, the rhythm and the tone change, the intention stays. An advertising strapline translated word for word falls flat; transcreated, it works. This is the service for campaigns, slogans, brand copy and product names. On a strapline or a signature line I usually offer several variants, each with its own angle, and you choose.

I translate into French, my native language, as professional practice requires. For translations into English, German or another European language, I call on native translators from my own network and handle the coordination and the review myself: you keep one point of contact and one invoice. That applies to ordinary translation. Sworn translation covers English and German only, and I am the one who certifies, in both directions between French, English and German.

It is usually agencies that ask for it. When they do, I take their machine output and bring it up to the standard of a human translation: meaning checked against the source text, terminology aligned with your glossaries, natural style, mistranslations and false friends removed. Light or full post-editing, depending on the level the agency asks for. It is far from a given in the profession: in the survey run by the Société française des traducteurs, the French national translators' association, in June 2026 among 374 of its members, only 6% of the translators who do it chose it. I take it on, provided it is recognised for what it is and paid what it is worth.

No. Your texts are translated, reviewed and signed off by a professional. I do use computer-assisted translation tools, which are not to be confused with machine translation generated by an AI: they store my own translations and my glossaries so that the wording stays consistent from one project to the next. On a post-editing job the machine has already produced a text, and correcting it is precisely the work. None of that makes me an opponent of these tools: the same SFT survey shows that 73% of translators use generative AI in a professional setting, and 66% within their translation process. The question is not whether to use them, it is what reaches the client.

Three things set the quote: volume, deadline and how technical the field is. I invoice per word or per hour, depending on the nature of the project. Sworn translations are invoiced per page or per document. I reply within one working day with a firm quote.

A professional translator gets through 2,000 to 2,500 words a day on ordinary text, fewer on a highly technical or highly creative one. I plan my schedule so as to keep deadlines short, very short if need be: tell me your date and I will confirm whether it can be met, and on what terms.

Beauty, luxury, jewellery, cosmetics and fashion on one side; tourism, culture, food and wine on the other; then economics, training, international relations, architecture, the automotive industry and the environment. Legal and administrative documents come with the sworn work. If your field is not on the list, that is not a no: send me the text.

Yes, it is a regular part of my work. I work in whichever CAT tool the agency uses, I take tests, I follow style guides, project instructions and agreed deadlines, and I invoice on the usual industry terms. CV and rates on request.

I am based in Cluny, in Saône-et-Loire, and I work remotely for clients in France and abroad. Sworn translations are sent by post or handed over in person, whichever is required; we settle that when the quote is issued.

Because what the machine leaves behind is not what people expect. A study published in the journal Informatics in 2019, based on 902 annotated segments and 30 translators from the European Commission's Directorate-General for Translation, measures that 29% of the meaning and terminology errors in a machine translation survive a first round of post-editing, even by experienced translators, because the machine output steers the reading of the person correcting it. These are not spelling or grammar mistakes, which the engines barely make any more, but mistranslations, off-glossary terms and breaks in register. Errors of that kind surface late and send you back to the source text. That is precisely what separates a quick read through the machine output from post-editing carried out against the source text.